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The thyroid gland is responsible for multiple functions of our body. According to researches one in ten Indians is suffering from any one of thyroid problems – Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism. There are many other thyroid disorders but these two are the most common.
In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland becomes too active and produces over thyroid hormone. On the other hand, in hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland becomes less active and produces less thyroid hormone.
Thyroid problems are commonly seen in women between the ages of 18 to 35. In India, many women are suffering from hypothyroidism. Although men also suffer from thyroid disorders, however, the number is comparatively lesser than women.
The general causes of thyroid disorders are given below:
Hashimoto’s disease
Graves’ disease
Iodine Deficiency
Inflammation of the thyroid
Cancerous tumors on the thyroid gland
Thyroid surgery
Genetic disorders
The symptoms of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are different.
Unintentional frequent weight loss
Irregular and rapid heartbeat
Enlarged thyroid gland
Eye irritation and vision problem
Infrequent menstrual periods
Nervousness, anxiety, and irritability
Increased heat sensitivity
Excessive sweating
Weight gain
Fatigue
Heavy menstrual periods
Forgetfulness
Harsh Voice
Intolerance to cold
Dry skin and hair
Thyroid problems are difficult to diagnose through symptoms only because many symptoms of thyroid disorders are similar to other diseases. However, if you see symptoms like frequent weight loss or weight gain, irregular heartbeat, irregular menstrual periods or unusual sweating then you should immediately consult a doctor. A small disease can become big and untreatable if we ignore it.
Thyroid problems affect all the systems like the respiratory system, reproductive system, digestive system, nervous system, endocrine system, and cardiovascular systems. The thyroid problem affects the metabolism, mental functions, and energy level of the body. Thyroid disorders in pregnant women can cause placental abnormalities and also increase risk on the mother’s health and baby’s health. Hyperthyroidism becomes the cause of Thyroiditis, Plummer’s disease, and grave’s disease. Untreated thyroid problems increase the risk of heart stroke, heart failure, osteoporosis, vision problems, etc.
To know the cause of thyroid disorders, doctors ask the medical history of the patient. In addition to the patient’s history, doctors also prescribe Thyroid Tests T3, T4, and TSH. Sometimes other blood tests and imaging tests are also prescribed for detail examination of the thyroid gland. Late detection of the disease not only increases the chance of surgery but also increases the risk of irreversible damage to the body. Early diagnosis of the particular thyroid disease helps to get effective treatment.
In Arth Diagnostics, a Thyroid function test is available to detect thyroid problems. It includes a test for T3, T4, and TSH. The thyroid function test is a simple blood test. The test results come on the same day within 1 hour. Fasting is not required for this test. This test can be done at home. Arth Diagnostics provides a home sample collection facility. If you are on medicines then this may affect your thyroid function test results. In that case, you should consult the doctor.
Some tests like thyroid tests, diabetes tests, and cholesterol tests should be done regularly. People above the age of 25 should go for these tests once a year. It will help them to know the body’s status regularly and prevent the development of critical diseases.
Treatment of thyroid disorders depends on the test reports. In most of the cases, Thyroid problems can be well treated through medicines. The thyroid hormone level in the body does not get changed overnight. According to your test results, the doctor may ask you to undergo this test multiple times for a period of 3 to 6 months. This is to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment method. In a few cases, doctors recommend surgery to remove the part of the thyroid gland.